By An Ansoms

Abstract: In a context of globalisation and liberalisation, Africa is increasingly confronted with the commercialisation of its space. Various so-called large-scale actors – international private investors, ‘investor’ states, and local entrepreneurs – search for large quantities of land for production of food crops or bio fuels. This paper presents two Rwandan case studies, and analyses the impact of large-scale foreign and local elite-led land acquisitions upon local livelihoods. On this basis, the paper identifies broader agrarian and social changes taking place in Rwanda and Africa. In its conclusion, it gives some clues of how the table can be turned to make sure that local livelihoods are protected in the future shape of agriculture.